Redzes refraktīvie defekti skolas vecuma bērniem
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Latvijas Universitāte
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Abstract
Bakalaura darbs ir uzrakstīts uz 33 lapām, satur 6 tabulas, 13 attēlus un 25 atsauces uz literatūras avotiem.
Atslēgas vārdi: izplatība, miopija, hipermetropija, astigmatisms, skolas vecuma bērni.
Mērķis: novērtēt tipiskākos redzes refraktīvos defektus skolas vecuma bērniem Latvijā.
Subjekti: pētījumā piedalījās 771 1.-11. klases skolēns vecumā no 7-18 gadiem.
Metode: Refrakcijas tika noteiktas subjektīvā redzes pārbaudē ar proves lēcu komplektu un TOMEY TCP- 2000A- Chart Panel ekrānu. Netika izmantoti cikloplēģijas medikamenti.
Par emetropiju tika uzskatīta refrakcija robežās no -0,5D līdz 0,99D (pēc sfēriskā ekvivalenta); miopija ≥ -0,5D (pēc S.E.); hipermetropija ≥ 1,0D (pēc S.E.); astigmatisms ≥0,75DC (pēc S.E).
Rezultāti: Vecuma grupā no 7 līdz 18 gadiem emetropija bija 69% ±1%, miopija 20% ±1%, hipermetropija 9% ±0,7%, astigmatisms 2% ±0,4%.
1.-4.klašu grupā izplatītākais refraktīvais defekts bija hipermetropija 15%, bet 5.-9. un 10.-11. klašu grupās miopija- attiecīgi 25% un 38%. Miopijas izplatība līdz ar vecumu pieauga no 4% 1.klasē līdz 48% 11.klasē. Hipermetropijas izplatība samazinājās no 20% 7 gadu vecumā līdz 2% 18 gadu vecumā.
Bachelor work is written in Latvian on 33 pages. It contains 6 tables and 13 figures. There are 25 references to literature. Keywords: prevalence, mypopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, school-age children. Objective: evaluate the typical visual refraction defect of school age children in Latvia. Subjects: 771 subjects, in the age group 7-18 years studying in classes 1st-11th, were included in the study. Method: Refraction was daignouse by subjective refraction out non-cyclopedic preparation. Emmetriopa was defined as refractive status between -0,5D and 0,99D (by S.E). Myopia was characterized as ≤-0,5D, hyperopia as ≥1,0D (by S.E) and astigmatism ≤-0,75D (cylinder power). Results: in the age group 7-18 years the prevalence of emmetropia was 69% ±1%, myopia 20% ±1%, hyperopia 9% ±0,7%, astigmatism 2% ±0,4%. Hyperopia was more prevalent in primary school 15%. But myopia was more prevalent in elementary school 25% and secondary school 38%. The prevalence of myopia increased from 4% at 7 years of age to 48% at 18 years of age. But the prevalence of hyperopia decreased from 20% at 7 years of age to 2% at 18 years of age.
Bachelor work is written in Latvian on 33 pages. It contains 6 tables and 13 figures. There are 25 references to literature. Keywords: prevalence, mypopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, school-age children. Objective: evaluate the typical visual refraction defect of school age children in Latvia. Subjects: 771 subjects, in the age group 7-18 years studying in classes 1st-11th, were included in the study. Method: Refraction was daignouse by subjective refraction out non-cyclopedic preparation. Emmetriopa was defined as refractive status between -0,5D and 0,99D (by S.E). Myopia was characterized as ≤-0,5D, hyperopia as ≥1,0D (by S.E) and astigmatism ≤-0,75D (cylinder power). Results: in the age group 7-18 years the prevalence of emmetropia was 69% ±1%, myopia 20% ±1%, hyperopia 9% ±0,7%, astigmatism 2% ±0,4%. Hyperopia was more prevalent in primary school 15%. But myopia was more prevalent in elementary school 25% and secondary school 38%. The prevalence of myopia increased from 4% at 7 years of age to 48% at 18 years of age. But the prevalence of hyperopia decreased from 20% at 7 years of age to 2% at 18 years of age.