Komplikāciju incidence dažādu acu traumu gadījumā
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Latvijas Universitāte
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lav
Abstract
Acs ābola traumas ir nopietni acu bojājumi, kuri bieži prasa hospitalizāciju un ķirurģisku ārstēšanu. Latvijā ir ierobežota informācija par šo traumu veidiem, cēloņiem un ārstēšanas rezultātiem. Mērķis: Analizēt acs ābola traumu cēloņus, tipus un ārstēšanas metodes pieaugušajiem pacientiem, kuriem bija nepieciešama hospitalizācija, kā arī novērtēt saistību starp traumas veidu, dzimumu, svešķermeņu klātbūtni un ārstēšanas raksturlielumiem. Materiāli un metodes: Šis bija retrospektīvs pētījums, kurā iekļauti 85 pieaugušo pacientu dati, kuri tika hospitalizēti Rīgas Austrumu klīniskajā universitātes slimnīcā, Biķernieku stacionārā, Oftalmoloģijas klīnikā, laika posmā no 2021. gada janvāra līdz 2024. gada decembrim. Dati tika apkopoti tikai par hospitalizācijas periodu, pēcizrakstīšanas novērtējums netika veikts. Rezultāti: Lielākā daļa pacientu bija vīrieši (85,9%) ar vidējo vecumu 43,7 gadi. Visbiežākais traumu cēlonis bija ar darbu saistīti negadījumi, īpaši izmantojot instrumentus, piemēram, āmurus. 38,8% gadījumu tika konstatēts svešķermenis, un biežākā diagnoze bija iekļūstoša acs trauma ar svešķermeni. Galvenā ārstēšanas metode bija primārā ķirurģiskā rekonstrukcija, kas tika veikta 76,5% gadījumu. Vairums pacientu slimnīcā uzturējās 4–5 diennaktis. Statistiski nozīmīgas saistības tika konstatētas starp dzimumu un traumas veidu, kā arī starp ārstēšanas veidu un hospitalizācijas ilgumu. Secinājums: Acs ābola traumas visbiežāk skāra darbspējīgus vīriešus un bija saistītas ar augsta riska darba apstākļiem. Ķirurģiska iejaukšanās bija bieži nepieciešama, īpaši svešķermeņu klātbūtnē. Profilaksei, īpaši individuālo acu aizsarglīdzekļu lietošanai darba vidē, ir būtiska nozīme. Turpmāki pētījumi ar lielāku pacientu skaitu un pēcizrakstīšanas datiem ir nepieciešami, lai uzlabotu ārstēšanas rezultātu izpratni un pacienta aprūpi.
Ocular globe injuries are serious eye traumas that often require hospitalization and surgical treatment. In Latvia, there is limited data on the types, causes, and treatment outcomes of these injuries. Aim: To analyze the causes, types, and treatments of ocular globe injuries among adults requiring hospitalization, and evaluate associations between trauma type, gender, presence of foreign body, and treatment specifics. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective study including 85 adult patients hospitalized at Riga East Clinical University Hospital, Bikernieki stationary, Ophthalmology clinic from January 2021 to December 2024. Only data from the hospitalization period were included, with no post-discharge follow-up. Results: Most patients were male (85.9%) with a mean age of 43.7 years. The most common cause of injury was work-related accidents, especially those involving tools such as hammers. In 38.8% of cases, a foreign body was present, and penetrating eye injury with foreign body was the most frequent diagnosis. Primary surgical repair was the most common treatment, performed in 76.5% of cases. Most patients were hospitalized for 4 to 5 nights. Statistically significant associations were found between gender and injury type, and between treatment type and duration of hospitalization. Conclusion: Ocular globe injuries mostly affected working-age males and were often linked to high-risk occupations. Surgical intervention was commonly needed, especially when foreign bodies were involved. Preventive measures, particularly the use of protective eyewear at work, are essential. Further studies with larger patient groups and follow-up data are needed to improve understanding of treatment outcomes and enhance patient care.
Ocular globe injuries are serious eye traumas that often require hospitalization and surgical treatment. In Latvia, there is limited data on the types, causes, and treatment outcomes of these injuries. Aim: To analyze the causes, types, and treatments of ocular globe injuries among adults requiring hospitalization, and evaluate associations between trauma type, gender, presence of foreign body, and treatment specifics. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective study including 85 adult patients hospitalized at Riga East Clinical University Hospital, Bikernieki stationary, Ophthalmology clinic from January 2021 to December 2024. Only data from the hospitalization period were included, with no post-discharge follow-up. Results: Most patients were male (85.9%) with a mean age of 43.7 years. The most common cause of injury was work-related accidents, especially those involving tools such as hammers. In 38.8% of cases, a foreign body was present, and penetrating eye injury with foreign body was the most frequent diagnosis. Primary surgical repair was the most common treatment, performed in 76.5% of cases. Most patients were hospitalized for 4 to 5 nights. Statistically significant associations were found between gender and injury type, and between treatment type and duration of hospitalization. Conclusion: Ocular globe injuries mostly affected working-age males and were often linked to high-risk occupations. Surgical intervention was commonly needed, especially when foreign bodies were involved. Preventive measures, particularly the use of protective eyewear at work, are essential. Further studies with larger patient groups and follow-up data are needed to improve understanding of treatment outcomes and enhance patient care.