Protonu vadītspējas noteikšana polimēru membrānām
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Latvijas Universitāte
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Abstract
Pasaules galvenais enerģijas avots ir fosilie kurināmie. To patērēšana nav vēlama, jo tie ir neatjaunojami enerģijas avoti un to ieguve un izmantošana atstāj negatīvu ietekmi uz apkārtējo vidi. Agrāk vai vēlāk enerģētikas sektoram būs jāpārkārtojas un jāpāriet uz citu enerģijas avotu un nesēju izmantošanu. Perspektīvs enerģijas nesējs ir ūdeņradis, un to kā degvielu var izmantot protonu apmaiņas membrānu degvielas šūnā (PEMFC).
Lai PEMFC būtu ekonomiski konkurētspējīgas vajag samazināt to izmaksas un uzlabot efektivitāti. Viens no iespējamiem veidiem ir jaunu membrānu iegūšanu, kuras ir ar labāku protonu vadītspēju un lētākas.
Darbā tiek mērīta protonu vadītspējas divu veidu protonu apmaiņas membrānas: „Nafion N-112” un sulfonēta poliarilēna-diēter-ketona polimēra (SPEEK). Tiek izveidota iekārta protonu vadītspējas noteikšanai. Iegūtie rezultāti tiek salīdzināti ar literatūras datiem. Tie pēc vērtības ir salīdzināmi ar vadītspējas datiem, kas iegūti no literatūras avotiem.
Currently the world’s main energy source is fossil fuels. The continued use of fossil fuels is not advisable because fossil fuels are limited in amount and they cause serious environmental problems. Sooner or later the energetic sector will have to be restructured and a different energy carrier and source must be found. The use of hydrogen as a fuel for the use in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) seems to be perspective. The manufacturing costs have to be decreased and effectiveness has to be increased in order to make PEMFCs economically more competitive. One way to accomplish this is to find new membranes which have better proton conductivity and are also cheaper. In this study two types of proton exchange membranes are tested: Nafion N-112 and polyarylene ether ether ketone polymer membranes. A device is developed to measure the proton conductivity. The results are being compared with the results from the literature. The measured results are nearly the same as the ones given in the literature.
Currently the world’s main energy source is fossil fuels. The continued use of fossil fuels is not advisable because fossil fuels are limited in amount and they cause serious environmental problems. Sooner or later the energetic sector will have to be restructured and a different energy carrier and source must be found. The use of hydrogen as a fuel for the use in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) seems to be perspective. The manufacturing costs have to be decreased and effectiveness has to be increased in order to make PEMFCs economically more competitive. One way to accomplish this is to find new membranes which have better proton conductivity and are also cheaper. In this study two types of proton exchange membranes are tested: Nafion N-112 and polyarylene ether ether ketone polymer membranes. A device is developed to measure the proton conductivity. The results are being compared with the results from the literature. The measured results are nearly the same as the ones given in the literature.