Saistība starp mātes audzināšanas pieejām un uzmanības deficīta un hiperaktivitātes sindroma (UDHS) pazīmēm dēliem 8 – 11 gadu vecumā
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Latvijas Universitāte
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Abstract
Pētījumā tika izvirzīti šādi mērķi:
Pirmkārt, noteikt kādas ir audzināšanas pieeju atšķirības mātēm, kurām ir 8 – 11 gadus veci dēli ar UDHS pazīmēm un mātēm, kurām ir 8 – 11 gadus veci dēli bez UDHS pazīmēm. Otrkārt, izpētīt, kādas ir sakarības starp māšu audzināšanas pieejām un māšu vērtējumiem par 8 – 11 gadus vecu dēlu UDHS pazīmēm. Treškārt, izpētīt, kādas ir sakarības starp māšu un skolotāju vērtējumu par 8 – 11 gadus vecu dēlu/ zēnu UDHS pazīmēm.
Pētījuma grupa ir 8- 11 gadu vecu dēlu mātes un šo zēnu skolotājas. Pētījumā piedalījās 177 mātes un šo 177 zēnu 25 skolotājas. Skolotājas pētījumā piedalījās, lai saskaņā ar UDHS diagnosticēšanas kritērijiem, precīzāk izvērtētu UDHS pazīmes 8 – 11 gadus veciem zēniem un izveidotu pētījuma grupas. Tika ievākta informācija par to, kādus audzināšanas veidus lieto mātes ģimenēs, kurās ir dēli ar UDHS pazīmēm un ģimenēs, kurās dēliem nav UDHS pazīmes. Kā arī par to, cik nozīmīgas ir atšķirības māšu un skolotāju vērtējumos, lai noteiktu dēliem/zēniem UDHS pazīmes. Pētījuma instrumentāriju veido Konnera aptauja vecākiem un skolotājiem, lai noteiktu UDHS pazīmes un Alabamas audzināšanas pieeju noteikšanas aptauja, kā arī aptauja par māšu demogrāfiskajiem datiem.
Pētījuma galvenie secinājumi ir šādi:
1. Konstatētas statistiski nozīmīgas atšķirības starp audzināšanas pieeju (sliktu uzraudzīšanu, nekonsekventu disciplinēšanu un miesas sodu lietošanu) mātēm, kurām ir dēli ar UDHS pazīmēm, un mātēm, kurām ir dēli bez UDHS pazīmēm. Mātes, kuru dēliem ir UDHS pazīmes, arī biežāk liedz privilēģijas saviem bērniem, soda, sūtot uz savu istabu, izmanto kaktā likšanas metodi, uzliek papildus nepatīkamus darbus, kliedz uz bērnu. Mātes, kuru dēliem nav UDHS pazīmes nozīmīgi biežāk mierīgi izskaidro nekā mātes, kuru dēliem ir UDHS pazīmes.
2. Iegūtas statistiski nozīmīgas sakarības starp māšu audzināšanas pieejām (nekonsekventu disciplinēšanu, sliktu uzraudzīšanu, miesas sodu lietošanu) un dēlu UDHS pazīmēm (neuzmanību, hiperaktivitāti, impulsivitāti, opozicionāru uzvedību).
3. Māšu un skolotāju vērtējumos par 8 – 11 gadus vecu dēlu/ zēnu UDHS pazīmēm ir konstatējamas nozīmīgas sakarības, māšu un skolotāju vērtējumi ir līdzīgi.
Pētījuma rezultātus varētu izmantot mātes audzināšanas veida un bērnu UDHS pazīmju mijiedarbības labākai izpratnei.
Atslēgas vārdi: UDHS pazīmes, UDHS kritēriji, hiperaktivitāte, impulsivitāte, neuzmanība, uzvedības problēmas, audzināšanas pieejas.
There are following aims in this research: Firstly, to define different parenting practices of mothers who have 8-11 years old sons with ADHD symptoms and parenting practices of mothers who have 8-11 years old sons without ADHD symptoms. Secondly, to find out the correlations between the parenting practices of mothers and mothers` evaluation of their 8-11 years old sons ADHD symptoms. Thirdly, to find out the correlations between mothers and teachers` evaluation of 8-11 years old sons/boys ADHD symptoms. The group of investigation is 8-11 years old sons` mothers and the teachers of the boys. 177 mothers and 25 teachers took part in this research. According to ADHD diagnostic criteria, the teachers took part in this research to make more precise evaluation of 8-11 years old boys with ADHD symptoms and to form research groups. The information was gathered about parenting practices used in families by the mothers whose sons have ADHD symptoms and mothers whose sons do not have ADHD symptoms. And also how significant are the correlations between mothers and teachers` evaluations to define ADHD symptoms to sons/boys. In the research was used Conner`s Questionaire to parents and teachers to define ADHD symptoms and Alabama Parenting Questionaire, and questionaire about mothers` demographic data. The main conclusions: Firstly, there are stated significant differences in parenting practices between mothers whose sons have ADHD symptoms (poor monitoring, inconsistent discipline, and using corporal punishment) and parenting practices of mothers whose sons do not have ADHD symptoms. Mothers, whose sons have ADHD symptoms more often take away privileges, send children to their room as a punishment, make them sit or stand in the corner as a punishment, give extra chores and scream at their children. The mothers whose sons do not have ADHD symptoms, more often explain things to their children than the mothers whose sons have ADHD symptoms. Secondly, the researcher has got statistically significant correlations between mothers` parenting practices (inconsistent discipline, poor monitoring, and corporal punishment) and their sons` ADHD symptoms (inattentiveness, hyperactivity, impulsivity, oppositional behaviour). Thirdly, there are significant correlations in evaluation of mothers and teachers about 8-11 years old boys` ADHD symptoms. The results of the research could be used to get better understanding of interaction between mother’s parenting practices and child’s ADHD symptoms. Key words: ADHD symptoms, ADHD criteria, hyperactivity, impulsivity, inattention, behaviour problems, parenting practices.
There are following aims in this research: Firstly, to define different parenting practices of mothers who have 8-11 years old sons with ADHD symptoms and parenting practices of mothers who have 8-11 years old sons without ADHD symptoms. Secondly, to find out the correlations between the parenting practices of mothers and mothers` evaluation of their 8-11 years old sons ADHD symptoms. Thirdly, to find out the correlations between mothers and teachers` evaluation of 8-11 years old sons/boys ADHD symptoms. The group of investigation is 8-11 years old sons` mothers and the teachers of the boys. 177 mothers and 25 teachers took part in this research. According to ADHD diagnostic criteria, the teachers took part in this research to make more precise evaluation of 8-11 years old boys with ADHD symptoms and to form research groups. The information was gathered about parenting practices used in families by the mothers whose sons have ADHD symptoms and mothers whose sons do not have ADHD symptoms. And also how significant are the correlations between mothers and teachers` evaluations to define ADHD symptoms to sons/boys. In the research was used Conner`s Questionaire to parents and teachers to define ADHD symptoms and Alabama Parenting Questionaire, and questionaire about mothers` demographic data. The main conclusions: Firstly, there are stated significant differences in parenting practices between mothers whose sons have ADHD symptoms (poor monitoring, inconsistent discipline, and using corporal punishment) and parenting practices of mothers whose sons do not have ADHD symptoms. Mothers, whose sons have ADHD symptoms more often take away privileges, send children to their room as a punishment, make them sit or stand in the corner as a punishment, give extra chores and scream at their children. The mothers whose sons do not have ADHD symptoms, more often explain things to their children than the mothers whose sons have ADHD symptoms. Secondly, the researcher has got statistically significant correlations between mothers` parenting practices (inconsistent discipline, poor monitoring, and corporal punishment) and their sons` ADHD symptoms (inattentiveness, hyperactivity, impulsivity, oppositional behaviour). Thirdly, there are significant correlations in evaluation of mothers and teachers about 8-11 years old boys` ADHD symptoms. The results of the research could be used to get better understanding of interaction between mother’s parenting practices and child’s ADHD symptoms. Key words: ADHD symptoms, ADHD criteria, hyperactivity, impulsivity, inattention, behaviour problems, parenting practices.