Urīna nesaturēšanas prevalences analīze spēka trīscīņas sportistēm
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Latvijas Universitāte
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lav
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Nosaukums: Urīna nesaturēšanas prevalences analīze spēka trīscīņas sportistēm Autors: Tanja Maria Heidorn Zinātniskais vadītājs: Dr. med. Zane Pilsētniece Spēka trīscīņa jeb Powerlifting ir spēka sporta veids, kas pēdējos gados ir kļuvis aizvien populārāks sieviešu vidū. Šim sporta veidam ir augsts slodzes urīna nesaturēšanas (SUN) risks. Urīna nesaturēšana (UN) negatīvi ietekmē sieviešu dzīves kvalitāti, tādēļ pētījuma mērķis ir novērtēt spēka trīscīņas ietekmi uz UN ne tikai treniņu laikā, bet arī ikdienas dzīvē. Papildus tam, mērķis ir identificēt SUN riska faktorus un informācijas resursu pieejamību sievietēm, kas nodarbojas ar spēka trīscīņu. Pētījums tika veikts kā šķērsgriezuma pētījums, kā ietvaros tika izmantota 26 jautājumus gara tiešsaistes anketa. Respondenti, galvenokārt, tika piesaistīti, izmantojot sociālos tīklus. Datu analīze tika veikta pamatojoties uz iesniegtajām atbildēm kopumā no 1072 sievietēm, kas nodarbojas ar spēka trīscīņu. Iegūtie dati tika analizēti, izmantojot SPSS programmatūru. SUN prevalences rādītājs treniņu laikā bija 67,3 %, bet ietekmi uz dzīves kvalitāti ikdienā atzīmēja 31.7%. Pēc spēka trīscīņas treniņu uzsākšanas sievietēm bija 22,7 reizes lielāka varbūtība kopumā piedzīvot SUN, 1,6 reizes lielāka varbūtība piedzīvot SUN ikdienā un 5,2 reizes lielāka varbūtība piedzīvot pavēles urīna nesaturēšanu (UUN). No respondentēm, kurām mainījās UN simptomu izpausmes pakāpe ikdienas aktivitātāšu laikā pēc spēka trīscīņas treniņu uzsākšanas, neliels vairākums norādīja uz simptomu uzlabošanos. SUN riska faktori treniņu laikā bija ģeogrāfiskais reģions, vecums, pieredzes gadi spēka trīscīņā, vaginālas dzemdības, svarcelšanas jostas izmantošana, svara vilkšanas pozīcija (stance) un maksimālais viena vingrinājuma atkārtojuma svars (1RM). Vairums dalībnieču pielietoja aizsardzības pasākumus, piemēram, higiēniskās paketes vai došanos uz tualeti pirms spēka vingrinājumiem, lai mazinātu SUN treniņu laikā, taču tikai neliela daļa zināja, kur meklēt informāciju par SUN. Lai gan spēka trīscīņa palielina UN risku ikdienā, daļai no sportistēm simptomi uzlabojas, regulāri veicot spēka trīscīņas vingrinājumus. Simptomu uzlabošanās, iespējams, ir saistīta ar spēju aktivizēt iegurņa pamatnes muskulatūru spēka treniņu laikā. Tā kā lielākā daļa no spēka trīscīņas sportistēm nezina, kur meklēt informāciju par SUN, ir būtiski treneriem vai veselības aprūpes speciālistiem izglītot sportistes, kā arī informācijai būtu jābūt pieejamai tiešsaistes resursos. Turpmākie pētījumi būtu jāvirza uz spēka trīscīņas pozīciju ietekmes izpēti uz SUN, kā arī uz mehānismu, kā šis sporta veids izraisa UUN.
Powerlifting is a strength sport with a high prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), which has recently become more popular among women. Since urinary incontinence (UI) negatively affects women’s quality of life, this study aims to assess the effects of powerlifting on UI not only during training but also in daily life. Further, this study aims to identify risk factors and availability of resources regarding SUI among female powerlifters. This study was a cross-sectional study based on an anonymous 26-item online questionnaire. Participants were mainly recruited via social media. Responses from 1072 female powerlifters were analyzed using SPSS software. The lifetime prevalence of SUI during powerlifting in female powerlifters was 67.3%, whereas the lifetime SUI prevalence in daily life was 31.7%. After starting to perform powerlifting women were 22.7 times more likely to experience SUI overall, 1.6 times more likely to experience SUI in daily life and 5.2 times more likely to experience urge urinary incontinence (UUI). Of those who experienced changes in the severity of UI symptoms in daily life after starting to perform powerlifting, a narrow majority indicated that their symptoms had improved. Risk factors for SUI during powerlifting were geographical location, age, years of powerlifting experience, vaginal birth, wearing of a lifting belt, deadlift stance, and one repetition maximum. The majority of participants used protective measures such as using pads or using the bathroom before lifts to prevent SUI during training, while only a minority knew where to find information regarding SUI. While powerlifting increases the risk of UI in daily life, it also improves symptoms in some participants, likely in those who are able to activate their pelvic floor during lifting. As the majority of powerlifters do not know where to find resources regarding SUI, it is from importance that female powerlifters are educated by their coaches, healthcare professionals, or online. Further research should concentrate on how positioning during lifts affects SUI, as well as the mechanism by which powerlifting causes UUI.
Powerlifting is a strength sport with a high prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), which has recently become more popular among women. Since urinary incontinence (UI) negatively affects women’s quality of life, this study aims to assess the effects of powerlifting on UI not only during training but also in daily life. Further, this study aims to identify risk factors and availability of resources regarding SUI among female powerlifters. This study was a cross-sectional study based on an anonymous 26-item online questionnaire. Participants were mainly recruited via social media. Responses from 1072 female powerlifters were analyzed using SPSS software. The lifetime prevalence of SUI during powerlifting in female powerlifters was 67.3%, whereas the lifetime SUI prevalence in daily life was 31.7%. After starting to perform powerlifting women were 22.7 times more likely to experience SUI overall, 1.6 times more likely to experience SUI in daily life and 5.2 times more likely to experience urge urinary incontinence (UUI). Of those who experienced changes in the severity of UI symptoms in daily life after starting to perform powerlifting, a narrow majority indicated that their symptoms had improved. Risk factors for SUI during powerlifting were geographical location, age, years of powerlifting experience, vaginal birth, wearing of a lifting belt, deadlift stance, and one repetition maximum. The majority of participants used protective measures such as using pads or using the bathroom before lifts to prevent SUI during training, while only a minority knew where to find information regarding SUI. While powerlifting increases the risk of UI in daily life, it also improves symptoms in some participants, likely in those who are able to activate their pelvic floor during lifting. As the majority of powerlifters do not know where to find resources regarding SUI, it is from importance that female powerlifters are educated by their coaches, healthcare professionals, or online. Further research should concentrate on how positioning during lifts affects SUI, as well as the mechanism by which powerlifting causes UUI.