Ādas bojājumi pacientiem ar sistēmas sarkano vilkēdi Latvijā
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Latvijas Universitāte
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Abstract
Tēmas aktualitāte: sistēmas sarkanā vilkēde nav bieži sastopama slimība un tā bieži vien paliek nediagnosticēta, kā rezultātā pacienti nesaņem atbilstošu terapiju. Tas var veicināt slimības straujāku attīstību un būtiski samazināt pacienta dzīvildzi. Slimības ādas forma bieži tiek ārstēta kā kāda cita ādas slimība. Ļoti svarīga ir slimības agrīna diagnostika un savlaicīga terapijas uzsākšana.
Darba mērķis: noteikt sistēmas sarkanās vilkēdes izplatību Latvijā, noskaidrot ādas formas izplatības biežumu, biežākās imunoloģiskās izmaiņas un pielietoto terapiju.
Materiāli un metodes: Tika veikts retrospektīvs pētījums, apkopota informācija no pacientu slimības vēsturēm laika periodā no 2010. - 2014. gadam. Pacientu slimības vēstures iegūtas no Paula Stradiņa Klīniskās Universitātes Slimnīcas Reimatoloģijas nodaļas arhīva. Kopā apskatītas 125 slimības vēstures.
Rezultāti: 92 % sistēmas sarkanās vilkēdes pacientu Latvijā ir sievietes, lielākā daļa saslimst vecumā no 21-30 gadiem. 27 % pacientu novērota fotosensitivitāte, 9 % Reino fenomens. Ādas bojājumi novēroti 47 % pacientu, no kuriem 56 % konstatēta tauriņveida eritēma. Lielākajai daļai sistēmas sarkanās vilkēdes pacientu slimība ir viegla līdz mēreni smaga (76 %). Visbiežāk pacientu asins serumā tiek atrastas pozitīvas anti ds DNS antivielas (n=79). Visbiežāk pacienti terapijā saņem Hidroksihlorokvīnu un Prednizolonu.
Secinājumi: pētījumā konstatēts, ka ar sistēmas sarkano vilkēdi Latvijā visbiežāk slimo sievietes reproduktīvā vecumā un ādas bojājumi skar aptuveni pusi pacientu. Visbiežāk novērota akūta slimības forma ar raksturīgo tauriņveida eritēmu. Visbiežākās laboratoriskās izmaiņas ir pozitīvas anti ds DNS antivielas. Pacientu terapijai visbiežāk lietots Prednizolons.
Urgency of the topic: Lupus erythematosus is not often occurrent disease and very often it is underdiagnosticed and that is why patients do not get the adequate therapy. That can lead to very fast progression of disease and relevantly reduce patients time to live. Cutaneous lupus erythematosus is often treated like some another skin disease. It is very important to diagnose and start to treat this illness early. The aim of work: to determine Lupus erythematosus prevalence in Latvia, establish cutaneous Lupus erythematosus prevalence, the most frequent changes in immunological tests and the most frequent therapy which is used for Lupus patients. Materials and methods: this is retrospective research, the information has summarized from patients case records in time 2010-2014 year. Case records were taken from Paula Stradina Clinical University Hospital Rheumatology sections archive. Together there have been viewed 125 case records. Results: 92% of Lupus patients in Latvia are females, the most of them become ill when they are 21-30 years old. 27% has photosensitivity, 9% Raynaud’s phenomenon. Cutaneous manifestations noticed to 47% of patients, from which 56% had malar rash. The most of them have mild to moderate disease activity (76%). The most often in patients blood tests had found positive anti ds DNA antibodies (n=79). The most frequent medications which were used for Lupus patients were Hydroxychloroquine and Prednisolone. Conclusions: this research has found that Lupus erythematosus the most frequently affect females at childbearing age and the cutaneous manifestations of Lupus affect approximately half of patients. The most frequent is acute disease with malar rash. The most frequent changes in immunological tests were positive anti ds DNA antibodies. Prednisolone is the most commonly used medication in the treatment of Lupus.
Urgency of the topic: Lupus erythematosus is not often occurrent disease and very often it is underdiagnosticed and that is why patients do not get the adequate therapy. That can lead to very fast progression of disease and relevantly reduce patients time to live. Cutaneous lupus erythematosus is often treated like some another skin disease. It is very important to diagnose and start to treat this illness early. The aim of work: to determine Lupus erythematosus prevalence in Latvia, establish cutaneous Lupus erythematosus prevalence, the most frequent changes in immunological tests and the most frequent therapy which is used for Lupus patients. Materials and methods: this is retrospective research, the information has summarized from patients case records in time 2010-2014 year. Case records were taken from Paula Stradina Clinical University Hospital Rheumatology sections archive. Together there have been viewed 125 case records. Results: 92% of Lupus patients in Latvia are females, the most of them become ill when they are 21-30 years old. 27% has photosensitivity, 9% Raynaud’s phenomenon. Cutaneous manifestations noticed to 47% of patients, from which 56% had malar rash. The most of them have mild to moderate disease activity (76%). The most often in patients blood tests had found positive anti ds DNA antibodies (n=79). The most frequent medications which were used for Lupus patients were Hydroxychloroquine and Prednisolone. Conclusions: this research has found that Lupus erythematosus the most frequently affect females at childbearing age and the cutaneous manifestations of Lupus affect approximately half of patients. The most frequent is acute disease with malar rash. The most frequent changes in immunological tests were positive anti ds DNA antibodies. Prednisolone is the most commonly used medication in the treatment of Lupus.