Krievijas iebrukuma Ukrainā propagandas naratīvu atmaskojumi medijos „LSM.lv” un „Delfi.lv” informācijas kara apstākļos (2024. gada septembris–2025. gada februāris)
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Latvijas Universitāte
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lav
Abstract
Maģistra darba tēma ir Krievijas iebrukuma Ukrainā propagandas naratīvu atmaskojumi medijos „LSM.lv” un „Delfi.lv” informācijas kara apstākļos laika periodā no 2024. gada septembra līdz 2025. gada februārim. Pētījuma problēmu veido izpratnes un argumentētu datu trūkums par stratēģijām, kā Latvijas vadošie mediji atmasko Kremļa un citu aktoru propagandas naratīvus saistībā ar Krievijas iebrukumu Ukrainā. Propagandas atmaskojumi un to kvalitāte var ietekmēt sabiedrisko domu un radīt neviennozīmīgas kara interpretācijas publiskajā telpā. Pētījuma mērķis ir izpētīt un kritiski novērtēt jaunākajā zinātniskajā literatūrā rodamās propagandas naratīvu atmaskošanas teorētiskās pieejas un noteikt dominējošās propagandas naratīvu atmaskošanas stratēģijas medijos “LSM.lv” un “Delfi.lv” tēmā par Krievijas Federācijas sākto karu Ukrainā informācijas kara apstākļos no 2024. gada septembra līdz 2025. gada februārim. Darba teorētisko pamatojumu veido teorijas trīs tematiskajās jomās. Analizēts informācijas kara koncepts, aplūkots propagandas jēdziens un tās izplatīšanas stratēģijas, jēdziena vēsturiskās attīstības galvenie posmi, propaganda pēcpatiesības laikmetā un tās klasifikācijas sistēma. Noslēdzot teorētisko daļu, analizēti propagandas atmaskošanas teorētiskie skaidrojumi. Pētījums ir balstīts kvalitatīvās metodoloģijas pamatprincipos. Maģistra darbā ir savstarpēji integrētas divas kvalitatīvās satura analīzes metodes – kvalitatīvā kontentanalīze un naratīva analīze –, kurās iegūtie dati tiek papildināti un skaidroti ar divu padziļināto daļēji strukturēto nozares ekspertu intervijās iegūtajiem datiem. Abos medijos tēmā par Krievijas iebrukumu Ukrainā definētajā laika periodā propaganda atmaskota caur atbildības, morāles un vērtību, drošības naratīviem, sabiedriskajā medijā veidots arī demokrātijas leģitimitātes naratīvā balstīts saturs. Aptuveni divreiz vairāk rakstu, kur vadošajos naratīvos atmaskota propaganda, fiksēti ziņu portālā „Delfi.lv”.
The theme of the master’s thesis is debunking propaganda narratives of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in the media „LSM.lv” and „Delfi.lv” during conditions of the information warfare from September 2024 until February 2025. The research problem is the lack of understanding and evidence-based data on the strategies of how Latvia's leading media debunk the propaganda narratives of the Kremlin and other actors in connection with Russia's invasion of Ukraine. The results and quality of debunking propaganda can influence public perceptions about the war and create ambiguous interpretations in society. The research aim is to critically evaluate the theoretical approaches to debunking propaganda narratives in the latest scientific literature and to identify the dominant strategies for debunking propaganda narratives in the media “LSM.lv” and “Delfi.lv” on the topic of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation from September 2024 to February 2025. The theoretical framework for the master’s thesis is formed by theories in three thematic areas: concept of information warfare, the concept of propaganda and its dissemination strategies, the history of propaganda, as well as propaganda in the post-truth era and the propaganda classification system. Theoretical explanations for debunking propaganda conclude the theoretical part. The master’s thesis is based on methodological principles that underpin qualitative research. The master’s thesis integrates two research methods – qualitative content analysis and narrative analysis –, the obtained data are supplemented and explained with data from two in-depth semi-structured interviews with experts. In both media, propaganda was exposed through narratives of responsibility, morality and values, and security, and content based on the narrative of democratic legitimacy was created particularly in the public media. Approximately twice as many articles where propaganda was debunked can be found on „Delfi.lv”.
The theme of the master’s thesis is debunking propaganda narratives of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in the media „LSM.lv” and „Delfi.lv” during conditions of the information warfare from September 2024 until February 2025. The research problem is the lack of understanding and evidence-based data on the strategies of how Latvia's leading media debunk the propaganda narratives of the Kremlin and other actors in connection with Russia's invasion of Ukraine. The results and quality of debunking propaganda can influence public perceptions about the war and create ambiguous interpretations in society. The research aim is to critically evaluate the theoretical approaches to debunking propaganda narratives in the latest scientific literature and to identify the dominant strategies for debunking propaganda narratives in the media “LSM.lv” and “Delfi.lv” on the topic of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation from September 2024 to February 2025. The theoretical framework for the master’s thesis is formed by theories in three thematic areas: concept of information warfare, the concept of propaganda and its dissemination strategies, the history of propaganda, as well as propaganda in the post-truth era and the propaganda classification system. Theoretical explanations for debunking propaganda conclude the theoretical part. The master’s thesis is based on methodological principles that underpin qualitative research. The master’s thesis integrates two research methods – qualitative content analysis and narrative analysis –, the obtained data are supplemented and explained with data from two in-depth semi-structured interviews with experts. In both media, propaganda was exposed through narratives of responsibility, morality and values, and security, and content based on the narrative of democratic legitimacy was created particularly in the public media. Approximately twice as many articles where propaganda was debunked can be found on „Delfi.lv”.