Ziepju pagatavošanas iespējas mājas apstākļos, to salīdzinājums ar aptiekās un veikalā nopērkamajām ziepēm
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Latvijas Universitāte
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Abstract
Pētījuma mērķis bija noskaidrot, cik viegli no attiecīgajām izejvielām mājas apstākļos var izgatavot ziepes. Ziepju izejvielas ir triglicerīdi jeb saliktie esteri un sārms. Tātad ziepju vārīšanas pamatā ir salikto esteru hidrolīze. Darbā ir apskatīta ziepju vēsture, ziepju sastāvs, piedevas, ziepju ietekme uz cilvēka ādu, kā arī ziepju piedāvājums Latvijā. Pielikumos ir pievienotas tabulas, kas palīdz saprast eļļas sastāvu un atvieglo ziepju izejvielu aprēķināšanu. Diemžēl mājas apstākļos neizdevās pagatavot ziepes, kuras būtu piemērotas ķermeņa higiēnas vajadzībā.
SUMMARY The aim of the study was to find out how easy it is to make thesoapat home from raw materials, which are triglycerides and alkali (lye etc.). Therefore the soap making is based on hydrolysis of compound esters. The work is based on the history of soap, ingredients and additives, effects on a human skinandthe offer of soapin the shops and pharmacies in Latvia. There are attached tables in the Appendix, which helps to understand the composition of the oils and makes easier the calculation of theproportions of soap ingredients. Unfortunately our home-made soap weren’t suitable for body hygiene. Keywords: soap, detergents, hygiene, saponification of triglycerides.
SUMMARY The aim of the study was to find out how easy it is to make thesoapat home from raw materials, which are triglycerides and alkali (lye etc.). Therefore the soap making is based on hydrolysis of compound esters. The work is based on the history of soap, ingredients and additives, effects on a human skinandthe offer of soapin the shops and pharmacies in Latvia. There are attached tables in the Appendix, which helps to understand the composition of the oils and makes easier the calculation of theproportions of soap ingredients. Unfortunately our home-made soap weren’t suitable for body hygiene. Keywords: soap, detergents, hygiene, saponification of triglycerides.