Devona bruņuzivju un akantožu paleoekoloģija un to mazuļi Lodes iegulā
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Latvijas Universitāte
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Abstract
Veicot organismu atlieku tafonomiskos pētījumus vairākās fosilo zivju iegulās LAtvijā Liepas (Lodes) devona mālu karjerā, tika precizēti Lodes laikposma paleoekoloģiskie apstākļi un pirmo reizi rekonstruēta devona zemūdens deltu zonu paleobiocenozes barības ķēžu piramīda.
Tika veikta bruņuzivju Asterolepis ornata Eichwald un akantožu Lodeacanthus gaujicus Upeniece iepriekš nezināmu dažādos augšanas posmos esošu mazuļu skeletu morfoloģiskā izpēte. Izstrādāta šo izmirušo zivju agrīnās ontoģenēzes un attīstības stadiju pētījumu metodoloģija.
Bruņuzivju mazuļos un akantodēs izpētītās unikālās parazītisko tārpu fosilās atliekas ir senākie zināmie zivju parazītu atradumi un senākā mugurkaulnieku- parazītorganismu asociācija paleontoloģiskajā hronikā.
Atslēgas vārdi: ontoģenēze, senie mugurkaulnieki, zivju parazīti, paleoekoloģija, tafonomija.
Taphonomical research on fish-bearing beds was carried out in the Lode clay pit, Latvia to investigate the palaeoenvironment of burial. The reconstruction of the food web for the Devonian palaeobiocoenosis of the delta area was created for the first time. The morphology of the previously unknown whole-body preserved Devonian juvenile individuals of placoderm Asterolepis ornata Eichwald and acanthodian Lodeacanthus gaujicus Upeniece is presented and the methodology of studies of early ontogeny and developmental stages of these extinct fishes is developed. The unique parasitic helminth remains found within the juvenile fish bodies, represent the eldest fish parasites and eldest vertebrate host-parasitic association known so far in the fossil record. Key words: ontogeny, early vertebrates, fish parasites, palaeoecology, taphonomy.
Taphonomical research on fish-bearing beds was carried out in the Lode clay pit, Latvia to investigate the palaeoenvironment of burial. The reconstruction of the food web for the Devonian palaeobiocoenosis of the delta area was created for the first time. The morphology of the previously unknown whole-body preserved Devonian juvenile individuals of placoderm Asterolepis ornata Eichwald and acanthodian Lodeacanthus gaujicus Upeniece is presented and the methodology of studies of early ontogeny and developmental stages of these extinct fishes is developed. The unique parasitic helminth remains found within the juvenile fish bodies, represent the eldest fish parasites and eldest vertebrate host-parasitic association known so far in the fossil record. Key words: ontogeny, early vertebrates, fish parasites, palaeoecology, taphonomy.