Sapropeļa ekstraktvielu īpašības un to izmantošanas risinājumi
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Latvijas Universitāte
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Abstract
Sapropeļa resursu efektīva un ekonomiski pamatota izmantošana ir būtiska problēma, tāpēc kā maģistra darba mērķis tika izvirzīts izpētīt sapropeļa ekstraktvielu īpašības (humusvielas, ogļhidrāti un polifenoli), un izstrādāt to optimālo iegūšanas metodiku. Maģistra darbā veikta ekstraktvielu, to iznākumu paaugstināšanas iespēju izpēte, izmantojot dažādus ekstrahentus un ekstrakcijas metodes. Noteikta sapropeļa ekstraktu antiradikālā aktivitāte. Kā inovatīvs
risinājums attīstīta humusvielu ekstrakcija, izmantojot koksnes pelnus. Izvērtēts iespējamais sapropeļa pielietojums bioloģiskajā lauksaimniecībā. Rezultāti parādīja: iespējams būtiski uzlabot ekstrakcijas iznākumu, optimizējot metodi; koksnes pelni uzskatāmi par perspektīvu ekstrahentu. Darba apjoms - 92 lapaspuses. Tekstā ir 47 attēli un 10 tabulas.
Atslēgas vārdi: sapropelis, gitija, ezeri, organiskais materiāls, humusvielas
Resource-efficient and economically viable use of sapropel is a significant problem, therefore the goal of master thesis is to investigate the properties of sapropel extracts (humic substances, carbohydrates and polyphenols), and to develop the optimal extraction method. Extraction methods and different extrahents to increase the yield of extraction were investigated during the research. The antiradical activity of sapropel extracts was determined as well. The extraction of humic substances by wood ash as an innovative approach was applied. The use of sapropel in organic farming was discussed. The results showed: it is possible to improve significantly the outcome of extraction by the optimization of method; wood ashes can be considered as promising extrahents. The amount of work is 92 pages. The text contains 47 pictures, 10 tables. Key words: sapropel, gyttja, lakes, organic matter, humic substances
Resource-efficient and economically viable use of sapropel is a significant problem, therefore the goal of master thesis is to investigate the properties of sapropel extracts (humic substances, carbohydrates and polyphenols), and to develop the optimal extraction method. Extraction methods and different extrahents to increase the yield of extraction were investigated during the research. The antiradical activity of sapropel extracts was determined as well. The extraction of humic substances by wood ash as an innovative approach was applied. The use of sapropel in organic farming was discussed. The results showed: it is possible to improve significantly the outcome of extraction by the optimization of method; wood ashes can be considered as promising extrahents. The amount of work is 92 pages. The text contains 47 pictures, 10 tables. Key words: sapropel, gyttja, lakes, organic matter, humic substances