Klebsiella pneumoniae rezistences noteikšana pret beta-laktāmu grupas antibakteriālajiem līdzekļiem - Akmane, Agate (Latvijas Universitāte, 2018)
Pret β-laktāmiem rezistentā K.pneumoniae izraisa nozokomiālās infekcijas, kuras nepakļaujas terapijai, pagarina slimošanas laiku, palielina finansiālo slogu un nāves risku, kā arī rada problēmas efektīvā antibakteriālās terapijas izvēlē nākotnē. Darba mērķis ir apkopot un analizēt datus par K.pneumoniae rezistences izmaiņām 3 gadu periodā. Jutība pret β-laktāma, aminoglikozīdu un hinolonu grupas antibiotikām tika noteikta, izmantojot disku difūzijas testu un E-testu. Karbapenemāzes producējošos celmus noteica ar Hodge testu, ESBL – ar dubultdisku metodi. Izolēti 588 K.pneumoniae celmi ar prevalenci 2017.gadā (5,8%). 10,71% no izolātiem bija ESBL producētāji. Rezultāti liecina, ka 2015. un 2017.gadā dominē rezistence pret ceftazidīmu (11,9% un 8,0%), 2016.gadā – pret ciprofloksacīnu (19,0%). 2016. un 2017.gadā visi celmi bija jutīgi pret karbapenēmiem. Secināts, ka arvien biežāk tiek izdalīti K.pneumoniae izolāti, tomēr nav novērojams rezistento, karbapenemāžu un ESBL producējošo baktēriju skaita pieaugums.

Resistant to β-lactams K. pneumoniae, causes nosocomial infections that do not respond to therapy, prolong illness, increase the financial burden and risk of death, and continue to pose problems in the choice of effective antibacterial therapy in the future. The aim of the work is to collect and analyze data on changes in K. pneumoniae resistance over a period of 3 years. Sensitivity to β-lactam, aminoglycoside and quinolone antibiotics was determined using a disk diffusion test and an E-test. Carbapenemase producing strains were determined by the Hodge test, ESBL - by double-disk method. Altogether were isolated 588 K. pneumoniae strains with prevalence in 2017 (5.8%). 10.71% of the isolates were ESBL producers. Results indicate that resistance to ceftazidime predominates in the years 2015 (11.9%) and 2017 (8.0%), in 2016 ciprofloxacin (19.0%) had the highest resistance. In 2016 and 2017 all strains were susceptible to carbapenems. In conclusion, detection of K. pneumoniae isolates are increasing, but there is no evidence of an increase in the number of resistant, carbapenemase and ESBL-producing bacteria.
Detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae resistance against beta-lactam antibacterial agents
Keywords: Farmācija; K.pneumoniae; β-laktāmi; rezistence; PCR; ESBL