Psoriāzes klīnisko formu analīze Daugavpils novada pacientiem

Abstract

Kopsavilkums Tēmas aktualitāte: Psoriāze ir viena no biežāk sastopamām hroniskām ādas slimībām. Pēdējo gadu laikā tās sastopamības biežums pieaug. Līdz šim Daugavpilī nav pētīta saslimstība ar psoriāzi, kā arī nav analizēta slimības norise un etiopatogēnie faktori. Darba mērķis: Izvērtēt dažādu psoriāzes formu biežumu Daugavpils novada pacientiem. Noskaidrot biežākos slimības veicinošos faktorus un pārmantotību ģimenē. Analizēt psoriāzes pacienu vecuma grupas un dzimumu. Materiāli un metodes: Laika periodā no 2011. gada 3. janvāra līdz 2011. gada 30. decembrim tika apskatītas un analizētas 96 psoriāzes slimnieku slimības vēstures un anketas, ar mērķi izvērtēt dažādu psoriāzes formu biežumu Daugavpils novada pacientiem. Tika pētīti psoriāzes pacienti vecuma grupā no 18 gadiem līdz 95. gadu vecumam. Darbs tika veikts Daugavpils SIA „Dermatovenerologs”. Rezultāti un secinājumi: No analizētiem pacientiem 43 ir sievietes un 53 vīrieši. Tika konstatēts, ka biežākie psoriāzi veicinošie faktori ir psihoemocionāls stress (29,2 %) un endokrīnās saslimšanas (20,8 %). Nozīmīgi veicinošie faktori ir arī vīrusu un bakteriālās infekcijas (16,7 %) un lokāla ādas trauma (15,6 %). Biežākā psoriāzes klīniskā forma kā vīriešiem, tā arī sievietēm ir psoriasis vulgaris (37%). Kā arī ievērojami bieži ir sastopama psoriasis capitis forma (28%). Pārējās psoriāzes klīniskās formas ir šādas: psoriasis palmarum et plantarum (13%), onychia psoriatica (6%), psoriasis exanthematica (6%), psoriasis intertriginosa (4%), psoriasis irritabilis (2%), psoriasis exsudativa (1%), psoriasis pustulosa (1%), psoriasis inversus (1%), psoriasis infantum (1%). Vīriešu grupā ir lielāks pacientu skaits ar psoriasis vulgaris, psoriasis capitis, psoriasis exsudativa, psoriasis inversus, psoriasis palmarum et plantarum, onychia psoriatica. Sieviešu grupā lielāks pacientu skaits ar psoriasis vulgaris, psoriasis capitis un psoriasis palmarum et plantarum. Var secināt, ka psoriāzes formu biežums nav atkarīgs no dzimuma. Izpētot psoriāzes sezonalitāti, var secināt, ka pacientiem slimība biežāk izpaužas ziemas sezonā – 53,1 %. Jaukta forma tika konstatēta 33,3 % pacientu un vasaras sezonā – 13,5 %. Analizējot pacientu aizpildītās anketas, psoriāze ģimenes anamnēzē tika konstatēta 51,04 % pacientu. Biežākā psoriāzes sastopamība ģimenē ir tēvam (37%) un mātei (34%). Psoriāzes komplikācijas pacientiem diagnosticētas reti – erythrodermia psoriatica (11,46 %), artrīti diagnosticēti (9,38 %).

Urgency of the topic: Psoriasis is one of the most common chronic skin diseases. The frequency of the incidence has grown over the past few years. Until now, psoriasis morbidity has not been studied in Daugavpils, nor have the course of the disease and its etiopathogenic factors been analysed. Goal of the paper: To assess the incidence of various forms of psoriasis to the patients from the district of Daugavpils. Identify the most frequent facilitation factors and its heritability within family. Analyse the age groups and gender of psoriasis patents. Materials and methods: From 3rd January, 2011 until 30th December, 2011 96 health records and surveys of psoriasis patents were reviewed and analyse in order to assess the distribution of various forms of psoriasis to the patients of Daugavpils’ district. The age of the studied patients ranged from 18 to 95. The work was conducted in Daugavpils at SIA Dermatovenerologs. Results and conclusions: Among the analysed patients, 43 were women and 53 – men. It was found that most common aggravating factors of psoriasis are psycho-emotional stress (29.2%) and endocrine sicknesses (20.8%). Virus and bacterial infections (16.7%), as well as local skin injuries (15.6%) are also among significant facilitating factors. The most common form of clinical psoriasis form men and women alike is psoriasis vulgaris (38%). As well as psoriasis capitis forma (28%) is quite common. Other forms of clinical psoriasis are as following: psoriasis palmarum et plantarum (13%), onychia psoriatica (6%), psoriasis exanthematica (6%), psoriasis intertriginosa (4%), psoriasis irritabilis (2%), psoriasis exsudativa (1%), psoriasis pustulosa (1%), psoriasis inversus (1%), psoriasis infantum (1%). Among men the most widespread forms of psoriasis is psoriasis vulgaris, psoriasis capitis, psoriasis exsudativa, psoriasis inversus, psoriasis palmarum et plantarum, onychia psoriatica. It may be concluded that the form of psoriasis does not depend on the gender. Upon reviewing the seasonality of psoriasis it may be concluded that it manifests itself in patients predominantly during winter season - 53.1%. Mixed form was identified in 33.3% cases but only 13.5% of all cases occurred exclusively during summer. Based on the analysis of the patient survey, it was found that psoriasis in family anamnesis was indicated by 51.04% of all patients. The incidence of psoriasis was more commonly indicated for father (37%), less commonly for the mother (34%). Psoriasis related complications in patients were diagnosed rarely with erythrodermia psoriatica (11,46 %) and arthritis was diagnosed in (9.38%).