Rabīniskā literatūra Latvijā līdz 1940.gadam: virzieni un personības

Abstract

RABINISKA LITERATURA LATVIJA LIDZ 1940.GADAM: VIRZIENI UN PERSONIBAS Disertacija apkopota informacija ir sistematizeta un analizeta no 18. gadsimta sakuma lidz 1940. gadam. Darba gaita izmantota vesturiski-salidzinoša metode, kura palidzeja saistit rabiniskas literaturas autoru dailradi ar vietejas ebreju kopienas sociali-vesturisko attistibu. Darbs sastav no divam dalam. Pirmaja dala informacija par autoriem un vinu literarajiem darbiem ir apkopota atbilstoši tam judaisma stravojumam, kuram vini piederejuši. Otra dala ir veltita dažado Latvijas regionu ebreju kopienu gariga klimata ipatnibam, kuras liela mera veidojas rabinu un vina darbu iespaida. Latvija nepastaveja slavenas ješivas, ši iemesla del jau no 18. gadsimta ebreju kopienas aicinaja rabinus no Lietuvas, Baltkrievijas, Centralas un Rietumeiropas. Vairakums no Latvijas teritorija dzivojošiem autoriem piederejuši mitnagedu stravojumam. Hasidisms bija izplatits galvenokart Latgale, kur hasidu ietekme stiprinaja kopienu uzticibu ortodoksijai. Jelgava un Riga bija viens no 4 Haskalas kustibas centriem Krievijas imperija. Izvirzita hipoteze par lielaku judaisma tradiciju dažadibu Latvija, salidzinajuma ar kaiminu regioniem. Sastadits Latvijas Toras zinataju darbu bibliografiskais raditajs. Disertacija rada pamatu un izejas punktu talakiem petijumiem bibliska teksta eksegezes vesturei, bet pieveršanas rabiniskajiem responsiem laus apgut jaunus avotus par ebreju kopienas vesturi. ATSLEGVARDI Latvija; rabiniska literatura; hasidi; mitnagedi; Haskala.

RABBINICAL LITERATURE IN LATVIA BEFORE 1940: DIRECTIONS AND PERSONALITIES In the thesis information was systematized and analyzed from start of XVIII century till 1940. In order to connect literary activity of Torah experts with social and historical development of Jewish communities the comparative-historical method has been employed. The thesis consists of two parts. The first one is dedicated to information about authors of rabbinical literature and their works, presented in the context of directions of Judaism their belonged. The second part is dedicated to specific features of spiritual climate of Jewish communities in different areas of Latvia, in great part formed under influence of rabbis and their works. There were not famous yeshivas in Latvia; by this reason since XVIII century the communities invited rabbis from Lithuania, Belarus, Central and Western Europe. Most of authors in Latvia belonged to mitnagdim stream of Judaism. Hasidism was popular mostly in Latgale where strengthened orthodox life of communities. In Riga and Jelgava has been located one of 4 main centers of Haskala movement in Russian empire. As result of research the hypothesis is proposed about special diversity of existed streams of Judaism in Latvia comparing with neighboring regions. The bibliographical index of literary works of Latvia`s Torah experts is attached. Presenting information about Torah experts and their literary activity, the doctoral thesis becoming a starting point for researches devoted to history of exegetical works on biblical text. The thesis states that deep research of rabbinical responses led to better understanding of history and everyday life of Jewish communities. KEYWORDS Latvia; rabbinical literature; Hasidism; mitnagdim; Haskala.