Organizēta grupa

Abstract

6.Noziedzīgie nodarījumi, kuru veikšanai tiek veidotas organizētas grupas, visbiežāk ir tādi, kurus vienpersoniski vai arī parastā grupā bez iepriekšējas vienošanās nebūtu iespējams paveikt – tātad pārsvarā tie ir smagi vai sevišķi smagi noziegumi, par kuriem sevišķa kriminālatbildība piemērojama visiem organizētās grupas dalībniekiem, neatkarīgi no viņu lomas noziedzīgā nodarījuma realizācijā. Tieši organizētām grupām, saskaņā ar KL definīciju, visraksturīgākie noziegumi ir tādi, kuros dalībniekiem nav nepieciešamības būt bruņotiem, bet gan labi organizētiem, lai veiksmīgi izvairītos no tiesībsargājošo iestāžu uzmanības vai iespēju loka, piemēram, naudas atmazgāšana un cilvēku tirdzniecība. Atļaut šādām struktūrām izveidoties no sākotnējā mazākas grupas gadījuma ir īpaši kaitīgi no tiesībsargājošo iestāžu puses, jo lomu skaitam un daudzveidībai pieaugot, kļūst sarežģītāk uzstādīt vienotas apsūdzības un notiesāt tos, kas sodu visvairāk pelnījuši.Krimināllikumā izšķirti pieci noziedzīgu grupējumu veidi, no kuriem četros svarīgs vienošanās, un no šiem četriem trijos nozīmīgākajos – organizatoriskais apstāklis. Organizēta grupa ir vairāk nekā divu noziedznieku apvienība, kuras dalībnieki, saskaņā ar vienošanos, sadalījuši pienākumus plānotajā noziedzīgajā nodarījumā. No parastas organizētas grupas likumā izšķir bandu, kas ir šāda grupa, bruņota ar ieroci, un noziedzīgu organizāciju, kuras sastāvā jābūt vismaz pieciem dalībniekiem ar mērķi veikt sevišķi smagu noziegumu.

An organized group is dangerous because it is organized association of three or more persons and there is a period of time, as well as acting in concert for the commission of multiple offenses, serious or very serious noziegumu.Especially organized groups characterized by a strict division of responsibilities between its members, who is carried out in an agreed time. Criminal Code 21st second paragraph states that "a person is punishable by criminal law on organized Group, its management and for participating in a serious or especially serious crime or in the preparation of a criminal offense regardless of the person's role jointly committed offense " An organized group is a specific criminal organization whose activities are dependent on the mutual cooperation, in addition, such groups tend to operate continuously and resume their criminal activities even after prison sentence. Organized group, by its nature as a higher class of criminal organization is more harmful compared to the group with prior agreement, which both quantitative and organizational level is lower than a criminal organization. Most representative of organized group’s crimes are those in which the participants do not need to be armed, but well organized, in order to successfully avoid the attention of law enforcement authorities or to the rim, such as money laundering and human trafficking. Such crimes are not carried out at a time and place, but to adopt the continuous nature of the offense, thus making the entire contents of proof in a criminal next to impossible, with the result that criminals easier to avoid a full and adequate punishment. The author has deemed it necessary to compare Latvian criminal law theory relating to organized groups with direct experience and practice in other countries, paying particular attention to Britain, where the customs of the legal system is fundamentally different from Latvian and other European countries, the existing continental legal system. Differences in the definition of an organized group and it pievērstajā meaning will be analyzed by looking at both positive and negative sides of the definitions contained in the Criminal Code with reference to their potential to fight organized crime in practice.