Organizēta grupa

Abstract

Organizēta grupa ir viena no dalības formām, kura regulēta Krimināllikuma 21.panta 1.daļā: „Organizēta grupa ir vairāk nekā divu personu izveidota apvienība, kura radīta nolūkā kopīgi izdarīt noziedzīgus nodarījumus vai smagu vai sevišķi smagu noziegumu un kuras dalībnieki saskaņā ar iepriekšēju vienošanos sadalījuši pienākumus.” Darba autores mērķis ir apskatīt un izanalizēt organizētas grupas pazīmes, ar kuru palīdzību organizētu grupu nodalītu no citām personu grupām. Lai to sasniegtu, autore analizēja vēsturiskos apstākļus, kā veidojās organizēta grupa no dalības institūta. Organizēta grupa kā noziedzīgs grupējums atšķiras ar organizētības pakāpi, tajā, kā obligātu pazīmi, ietver apvienošanās akts un pienākumu sadale starp grupas dalībniekiem. Svarīgs ir kopīgais mērķis - izdarīt noziedzīgu nodarījumu. Kvantitatīvais sastāvs pēc autores domām nav izšķirošā pazīme, pēc kuras varētu nošķirt to no citām personu grupām vai apvienībām. Organizētas grupas izdarīto noziedzīgo nodarījumu svarīgums ir akcentēts ar Krimināllikuma grozījumiem, kuru rezultātā organizētas grupas pazīme ietverta daudzos Krimināllikuma Sevišķās daļas pantos. Salīdzinot ar citu valstu krimināltiesību sistēmām, organizētas grupas jēdziens tajās lielākoties netiek minēts, bet tās pazīmes ir apkopotas zem cita apvienības jēdziena, kurš katrā valstī tiek interpretēts atšķirīgi.

An organised group is one of the participation forms that has been regulated in the 1st part of the 21st article of the Criminal Law. „An organized group is an association formed by more than two persons, which has been created for purposes of jointly committing criminal offences or serious or especially serious crimes and whose participants in accordance with previous agreement have divided responsibilities.” The aim of the author of the Paper is to examine and analyse features of an organised group by the help of which an organised group could be separated from other groups. To reach this aim the author has analysed the historical conditions how an organised group has developed from a participation institution. An organised group as a criminal group differs by its level of organisation and as an obligatory feature in it includes an act of coalescence and distribution of duties among the group members. Vital is the common aim – to do a criminal act. The author has a view that the quantitative composition is not the decisive factor that could take it apart from other groups and alliances of people. The importance of the criminal acts performed by an organised group has been emphasised by the alterations of the Criminal Law as a result of which the features of an organised group have been included in many articles of the Special part of the Criminal Law. Making comparisons to the systems of criminal rights of other countries, the concept of an organised group has mostly not been mentioned in them, but its features have been summed up under the concept of another association that is being interpreted differently in each country.